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BOOK OF THE WEEK <br><br>Koh-i-Noor: The Hi story Of The World 's Most Infamous Diamond<br><br>by William Dalrymple and Anita Anand<br><br>(Bloomsbury £16.99)<br><br>The Koh-i-Noor diamond, which weighs 105 carats (or 21 grams), currently resides in the Queen Consort's crown, kept under guard in the Tower of London.<br><br>The Queen Mother wore it to State Openings of Parliament during the reign of George VI, and its last public outing was upon the cushion on the coffin at her state funeral in 2002.<br><br>Its next wearer is likely to be ‘Queen' Camilla at the coronation of King Charles III. If the Duchess of Cornwall reads this book about its history, however, she may start to have misgivings.<br><br>Coronation gem: The Queen Mother wearing the Koh-i-Noor (circled) in 1937, with Princess Elizabeth <br><br>‘The gem rained misfortune on unworthy mortal custodians,' we are told by William Dalrymple and Anita Anand.<br><br>On the very day it arrived in London in 1850, Queen Victoria was hit on the head by a would-be assassin and former prime minister Robert Peel was thrown from his horse — an accident that killed him.<br><br>The Koh-i-Noor, with its ‘short but irregular crystal tails', got its name (meaning ‘mountain of light') from its resemblance to ‘declivities falling from a Himalayan snow-peak'.<br><br>RELATED ARTICLES<br>Previous<br><br>1<br>Next<br><br>Beastly swots, jolly japes and very big knickers: Julie... 'It was a bug more deadly than bullets or bombs': How in... <br>Share this article<br>Share Indian diamonds are alluvial, sieved and extracted as natural crystals from the sand and gravel of riverbeds.<br><br>Quite where the Koh-i-Noor came from nobody knows — it may have been the eye of an idol in a temple in southern India, stolen by marauding Turks. But we do know it was at the centre of centuries of bloody conquests as it bounced bewilderingly between rulers and despots.<br><br>By 500BC in Asia, diamonds were fashioned into rings — ‘gods were supposed to dwell in a particle of diamond' — and in the Indian royal courts, jewellery rather than clothing was the principal form of adornment. Princes and their concubines were covered in ‘a fabulous profusion of jewelled ornaments' as a conspicuous display of power.<br><br>Koh-i-Noor: The Hi story Of The World 's Most Infamous Diamond by William Dalrymple and Anita Anand<br><br>Dalrymple and Anand first find a mention of the Koh-i-Noor in 1547. It next turns up in the despatch of a British ambassador in 1616, who described the Mughal emperors as ‘laden with diamonds, rubies, pearls'.<br><br>Shah Jahan, builder of the Taj Mahal, acquired the jewel in 1656, and believed it made him ‘a sun king, almost a sun god'.<br><br>At the Red Fort in Agra he commissioned the Peacock Throne, ‘designed to resemble and evoke the fabled throne of Solomon', which had a canopy studded with gems and held aloft on a column of emeralds. The Koh-i-Noor was set in the peacock's crown and was guarded by eunuchs.<br><br>Jahan was imprisoned by his sons and died in captivity. His successors were variously murdered — one of them was first blinded with a hot needle, the father of another ruler was ‘forced off a precipice on his elephant' and wives and mothers were strangled.<br><br>Delhi was then invaded by Persians and, in 1739, the populace put to the sword. ‘It seemed as if it were raining blood, for the drains were streaming with it,' ran a report.<br><br>Nader Shah, the scourge of the Ottoman Empire, transported the Mughal treasury to Tehran in a caravan consisting of 700 elephants, 4,000 camels and 12,000 horses. He'd received the Koh-i-Noor from the defeated Mughal emperor, Mohammud Shah, who wore it in his turban.<br><br>Nader Shah was the kind of despot who had his son blinded ‘and his eyes brought to him on a platter'. When he was assassinated, the Koh-i-Noor was spirited away to Kandahar. Nader Shah's grandson had molten lead poured over his head to try to force revelation of its whereabouts.<br><br>The jewel next appeared in the possession of Ahmad Shah, who had a gangrenous ulcer on his face that ravaged his brain.<br><br>The Koh-i-Noor diamond, which weighs 105 carats (or 21 grams), currently resides in the Queen Consort's crown, kept under guard in the Tower of London.<br><br>‘By 1772, maggots were dropping from the upper part of Ahmad Shah's rotten nose into his mouth and food as he ate.' He ingeniously hid the Koh-i-Noor from his enemies in a crack in the wall.<br><br>Examining poems, illuminated manuscripts and sculpted friezes, Dalrymple and Anand next spot the jewel on a bracelet in Kabul. Was it taken there by an Afghan bodyguard or a harem attendant? New owner Maharaja Ranjit Singh ‘loved the Koh-i-Noor with a rare passion and wore it on all public occasions'.<br><br>By this stage, the British were establishing themselves in India. When Ranjit died, English diplomats were appalled to have to witness the ‘abominable ceremony' of suttee, in which his wives, ‘devoted to their husband in life and beyond', were compelled to incinerate themselves on his cremation pyre.<br><br>As the cruelties mount up — dismembering troublesome relatives and leaving them to bleed to death; protracted poisonings; so-called accidents with ‘a double-barrelled fowling-piece'; the plundering of people's property — it is evident that the Koh-i-Noor was, quite simply, a spoil of war.<br><br>In fact, the jewel never peaceably changed hands. Within a few years of Ranjit's death in 1839, three Maharajas who hoped to possess it were murdered.<br><br>Its next wearer is likely to be ‘Queen' Camilla at the coronation of King Charles III. If the Duchess of Cornwall reads this book about its history, however, she may start to have misgivings<br><br>Ten years later, on the British conquest of the Punjab, the Koh-i-Noor, as ‘the single most valuable object in India', was handed to the Earl of Dalhousie, representing Queen Victoria. It was transported to England — though an outbreak of cholera on the ship put the vessel in danger of being forcibly sunk for quarantine purposes.<br><br>Once safely in England, it was the star item at the Great Exhibition in 1851. But the diamond was deemed disappointingly dull, so it was cut and polished by Garrard, the Crown jewellers — a process in which it lost 42 per cent of its original weight.<br><br>Queen Victoria wore it on a sash during a visit to Paris, ‘wordlessly conveying a sense of the power and reach of the British monarch'.<br><br>Today, as ‘a sort of historical emblem of conquest in India', the presence of the diamond in London is contentious. India, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan and even the Taliban have asked for its return, and it is now a ‘diplomatic grenade'.<br><br>When, however, James Callaghan was pestered by the prime minister of Pakistan in 1976, it is his response which remains masterly: ‘In the light of the confused past history of the Koh-i-Noor diamond, the clear British title to it [in the 1849 peace treaty with the Maharaja of Lahore, which concluded the Second Anglo-Sikh War], and the multiplicity of claims which would undoubtedly be made to it if its future were ever thought to be in doubt, I could not advise Her Majesty that it should be surrendered to any other country.'<br><br>In light of its poisoned chalice status, the Queen, we note, ‘is taking no chances' and has never personally worn the Koh-i-Noor.<br><br><br><br><br> <br><br>When you adored this post and you would like to get details about Jewel Star 2018 kindly check out our site.
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Do you really want to build an iPhone app?<br><br>This might sound like a daft question at first. But I want to make sure that you have fully explored your target audience and considered whether it would be more suitable to launch an app on the Blackberry or Android platform.<br><br>If you have your mind set on an iPhone app, then I urge you to also consider what happens when it is a success? Yes, I am assuming that your iPhone application will be a success because they are growing so rapidly. Will the agency you use be able to launch a similar app on the other platforms so as not to alienate consumers? Will you choose to combine your iPhone app with perhaps a mobile website that would allow all other smartphone users to access your content?<br><br>Search out the iPhone apps you like!<br><br>I have managed many website and iPhone application projects and one of the mistakes I regularly come across is managers that are too reliant on the designers. I suggest that as part of your initial brief you really look into all the different types of iPhone apps that are within your market. If there are no iPhone apps then simply look at what you like. Consider why one flows better than another, what elements frustrate you and what ideas could you use to build your iPhone app.<br><br>Understanding Apple Connect for your iPhone Application<br><br>Apple Connect is a website used by your iPhone application developer. It is basically a website that holds the details of your app and is used to send your iPhone app binary code to Apple for them to approve... if you are lucky (I'll get to that in a moment)<br><br>It is also the place where everything you see on iTunes is managed. So those screen shots you see for each app, you guessed it, they are uploaded through connect. You may want to go through connect with your iPhone app developer just to get used to what you can and cannot do.<br><br>Pricing your iPhone Application<br><br>Apple operates a tiered pricing structure so all you have to do is select a pricing tier from 1-10 to set your price around the world i.e if it is 59p in the UK then it will automatically be 99 cents in the US. Again, you can access this with your iPhone developer by visiting Apple Connect.<br><br>Planning your iPhone app layout<br><br>Bespoke apps will be much less expensive if you do the ground work. By this I mean work out exactly what you want and create a 'work flow' diagram. Basically start with a blank picture of an iPhone and sketch in your iPhone app splash screen and homepage. Work out what buttons will go along the bottom of your iPhone app to create the menu - you can have five buttons.<br><br>Next, using lots of blank iPhone images, create a hierarchical structure of your iPhone application. By doing this, you can literally show your designer how you want it all to work i.e. click here and it shows this screen or searches this item. Don't worry too much about whether it is technically possible as your iPhone app designer will undoubtedly suggest some options for improvement. Once the iPhone app workflow is complete then you and your designer know exactly how the app should work.<br><br>Bespoke iPhone Apps V's Online App Builders<br><br>Only about 12 months ago, if you wanted to build an iPhone app then you had to look for a bespoke answer. Today things are rapidly changing and there are a number of US based companies and one UK company offering a build your app online service.<br><br>The fundamental difference between bespoke iPhone application development and online app builders is cost and flexibility. So it all comes down to 'what do you want your iPhone app to do?' and how much do you want to pay?<br><br>With bespoke iPhone applications you really can create just about anything and there are companies or individuals very skilled in this area. So ask yourself what you are trying to achieve. Is it brand building through clever entertainment or are you trying to get content to your customers in order to a) interact with them and build your brand or b) help them through to the final purchase of your product or service?<br><br>Think back a few years to the use of flash in website design. I was lucky enough to be part of a website pitch to Disney and guess what; we went over the top with flash. Incidentally we won the contract, however soon there were full flash websites everywhere. Today it is very much a different story, for most websites the number one objective is to get content across quickly and efficiently and in a manner that customers are used to, so for example, having the menu on the top or the left hand side of your webpage. Flash is now used predominantly in other areas to add to the overall user experience.<br><br>So for what might be classed as 'utility iPhone apps' stick to the rules and always think about the content you are trying to deliver.<br><br>Online iPhone App Builder<br><br>The main thing that you need to consider when using an online app builder is will it deliver what your customer needs? Can an online iPhone app builder offer your customer everything that they require without you having to spend anywhere between £3000 and £20000 plus, building a bespoke iPhone application!<br><br>Most online app builders allow you try them for free for either a set time or until you publish your app.<br><br>If you liked this article and you also would like to obtain more info concerning bubble shooter pet generously visit our web-page. iPhone App Download Restraints<br><br>Your iPhone application needs to be less than 10mb's if you want users to be able to download it from their phone via a standard connection i.e. not wi-fi.<br><br>If you are developing an iPhone game application of sorts then you are likely to go over this limit, however for an iPhone business application, then ideally try to keep it under 10mb's<br><br>iPhone Content<br><br>If you read only one piece of text in this whole document, make sure you read this next part which looks at iPhone app content and the importance it has in getting your iPhone application signed off by Apple.<br><br>When you set about building your iPhone application the first thing you need to realise is that content is vital. Let's take entertainment and games out of the equation for a moment because by their very nature they are highly likely to get signed off. So let's concentrate on building a utility or business iPhone application.<br><br>Whatever you do, don't build it just because everyone else is. Build it with your customer in mind. Do your customers already view your products online, are they interested in your news, do they visit your website to access content that is not available elsewhere, can you help your customers with a problem, do you want to find out what your customers think? These are just some of the questions you should consider when building your iPhone application.<br><br>Like any marketing or communication tool...building an iPhone application only works as an entertainment gimmick on rare occasions. For 99% of us, it has to serve a real purpose.<br><br>What we do know however is that your customers want information, news, products or promotions in the palm of their hand and with an iPhone app you have the perfect marketing tool from them to access your content and interact with your company.<br><br>The Cost to build an iPhone Application<br><br>A bespoke app can cost anywhere from £3000 to £20000 upwards. The price of bespoke iPhone application development is decreasing as more and more as iPhone application developers enter the market.<br><br>Building an iPhone app online costs anywhere from between $10 -$100 per month rental in the US an around £45 per month in the UK.<br><br>Submitting your iPhone App<br><br>When your iPhone app is submitted to Apple for approval you can expect to hear whether it has been approved or rejected after 1 or 2 weeks. If it has been rejected than Apple will give you some indication as to what needs to be improved before you can submit your app again.<br><br>You will have to work with your developer to asses and fix the problem.<br><br>I hope that you find some of the information useful and good luck.

Revision as of 20:35, 24 November 2017

Do you really want to build an iPhone app?

This might sound like a daft question at first. But I want to make sure that you have fully explored your target audience and considered whether it would be more suitable to launch an app on the Blackberry or Android platform.

If you have your mind set on an iPhone app, then I urge you to also consider what happens when it is a success? Yes, I am assuming that your iPhone application will be a success because they are growing so rapidly. Will the agency you use be able to launch a similar app on the other platforms so as not to alienate consumers? Will you choose to combine your iPhone app with perhaps a mobile website that would allow all other smartphone users to access your content?

Search out the iPhone apps you like!

I have managed many website and iPhone application projects and one of the mistakes I regularly come across is managers that are too reliant on the designers. I suggest that as part of your initial brief you really look into all the different types of iPhone apps that are within your market. If there are no iPhone apps then simply look at what you like. Consider why one flows better than another, what elements frustrate you and what ideas could you use to build your iPhone app.

Understanding Apple Connect for your iPhone Application

Apple Connect is a website used by your iPhone application developer. It is basically a website that holds the details of your app and is used to send your iPhone app binary code to Apple for them to approve... if you are lucky (I'll get to that in a moment)

It is also the place where everything you see on iTunes is managed. So those screen shots you see for each app, you guessed it, they are uploaded through connect. You may want to go through connect with your iPhone app developer just to get used to what you can and cannot do.

Pricing your iPhone Application

Apple operates a tiered pricing structure so all you have to do is select a pricing tier from 1-10 to set your price around the world i.e if it is 59p in the UK then it will automatically be 99 cents in the US. Again, you can access this with your iPhone developer by visiting Apple Connect.

Planning your iPhone app layout

Bespoke apps will be much less expensive if you do the ground work. By this I mean work out exactly what you want and create a 'work flow' diagram. Basically start with a blank picture of an iPhone and sketch in your iPhone app splash screen and homepage. Work out what buttons will go along the bottom of your iPhone app to create the menu - you can have five buttons.

Next, using lots of blank iPhone images, create a hierarchical structure of your iPhone application. By doing this, you can literally show your designer how you want it all to work i.e. click here and it shows this screen or searches this item. Don't worry too much about whether it is technically possible as your iPhone app designer will undoubtedly suggest some options for improvement. Once the iPhone app workflow is complete then you and your designer know exactly how the app should work.

Bespoke iPhone Apps V's Online App Builders

Only about 12 months ago, if you wanted to build an iPhone app then you had to look for a bespoke answer. Today things are rapidly changing and there are a number of US based companies and one UK company offering a build your app online service.

The fundamental difference between bespoke iPhone application development and online app builders is cost and flexibility. So it all comes down to 'what do you want your iPhone app to do?' and how much do you want to pay?

With bespoke iPhone applications you really can create just about anything and there are companies or individuals very skilled in this area. So ask yourself what you are trying to achieve. Is it brand building through clever entertainment or are you trying to get content to your customers in order to a) interact with them and build your brand or b) help them through to the final purchase of your product or service?

Think back a few years to the use of flash in website design. I was lucky enough to be part of a website pitch to Disney and guess what; we went over the top with flash. Incidentally we won the contract, however soon there were full flash websites everywhere. Today it is very much a different story, for most websites the number one objective is to get content across quickly and efficiently and in a manner that customers are used to, so for example, having the menu on the top or the left hand side of your webpage. Flash is now used predominantly in other areas to add to the overall user experience.

So for what might be classed as 'utility iPhone apps' stick to the rules and always think about the content you are trying to deliver.

Online iPhone App Builder

The main thing that you need to consider when using an online app builder is will it deliver what your customer needs? Can an online iPhone app builder offer your customer everything that they require without you having to spend anywhere between £3000 and £20000 plus, building a bespoke iPhone application!

Most online app builders allow you try them for free for either a set time or until you publish your app.

If you liked this article and you also would like to obtain more info concerning bubble shooter pet generously visit our web-page. iPhone App Download Restraints

Your iPhone application needs to be less than 10mb's if you want users to be able to download it from their phone via a standard connection i.e. not wi-fi.

If you are developing an iPhone game application of sorts then you are likely to go over this limit, however for an iPhone business application, then ideally try to keep it under 10mb's

iPhone Content

If you read only one piece of text in this whole document, make sure you read this next part which looks at iPhone app content and the importance it has in getting your iPhone application signed off by Apple.

When you set about building your iPhone application the first thing you need to realise is that content is vital. Let's take entertainment and games out of the equation for a moment because by their very nature they are highly likely to get signed off. So let's concentrate on building a utility or business iPhone application.

Whatever you do, don't build it just because everyone else is. Build it with your customer in mind. Do your customers already view your products online, are they interested in your news, do they visit your website to access content that is not available elsewhere, can you help your customers with a problem, do you want to find out what your customers think? These are just some of the questions you should consider when building your iPhone application.

Like any marketing or communication tool...building an iPhone application only works as an entertainment gimmick on rare occasions. For 99% of us, it has to serve a real purpose.

What we do know however is that your customers want information, news, products or promotions in the palm of their hand and with an iPhone app you have the perfect marketing tool from them to access your content and interact with your company.

The Cost to build an iPhone Application

A bespoke app can cost anywhere from £3000 to £20000 upwards. The price of bespoke iPhone application development is decreasing as more and more as iPhone application developers enter the market.

Building an iPhone app online costs anywhere from between $10 -$100 per month rental in the US an around £45 per month in the UK.

Submitting your iPhone App

When your iPhone app is submitted to Apple for approval you can expect to hear whether it has been approved or rejected after 1 or 2 weeks. If it has been rejected than Apple will give you some indication as to what needs to be improved before you can submit your app again.

You will have to work with your developer to asses and fix the problem.

I hope that you find some of the information useful and good luck.

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